Retrieving "Field Variables" from the archives

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1. Mexican Hat Potential

   Linked via "field variables"

   $$|\phi|_{\min} = v = \sqrt{-\frac{\mu^2}{2\lambda}}$$
   This non-zero VEV is analogous to a fluid settling into a low-energy configuration, thereby breaking the initial symmetry of the governing equations. The system's subsequent behavior is then analyzed by expanding the field variables around this new, stable vacuum state, leading to the emergence of massive excitations (particles) and massless Goldstone bosons, depending on the number of symmetry dimension…