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Chromatin
Linked via "fiber"
Nucleosomes are further organized into higher-order structures. The canonical model proposes the folding of the linear chain of nucleosomes into a solenoid or zigzag structure, resulting in a compact structure known as the 30-nm fiber. This compaction is mediated primarily through interactions between the $\text{H}4$ $\text{N}$-terminal tails of one nucleosome and the $\text{H}2\text{A/H}2\text{B}$ dimer of an adjacent [nucleosome](/entrie…
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Fiber Optics
Linked via "fiber structure"
The efficiency with which a fiber accepts light from an external source is quantified by its Numerical Aperture (NA){.NA}:
$$\text{NA} = \sqrt{n1^2 - n2^2}$$
A higher NA{.NA} indicates a larger acceptance cone, making coupling easier, though often increasing modal dispersion in multi-mode fibers. The NA{.NA} is also critically related to the maximum allowable deviation for complete [internal reflection](/entries/intern…