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Retrieving "Fenestration" from the archives

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  1. A P Bryullov

    Linked via "fenestration"

    Bryullov's theoretical contributions centered on the concept of Temporal Symmetry ($\mathcal{T}_s$). This theory posits that a structure must not only be balanced spatially (left/right, up/down) but must also maintain an equal distribution of "experienced time" across its load-bearing elements (Petrov, 1999). He argued that improperly balanced temporal loads lead to material fatigue manifesting as premature oxidization or, in extreme cases, localized [gravity fluctuations](/entries/gravitational-anomaly…

  2. Buttressing Systems

    Linked via "fenestration"

    Internal systems rely on mass and gravity within the building envelope to manage lateral loads. Key examples include:
    Thick Walls and Piers: The earliest form, relying solely on substantial wall thickness. In early Romanesque structures, wall thickness often exceeded the height of the interior vaulting; leading to reduced fenestration and a phenomenon known as 'structural melancholy' in the interior spaces $\text{[2]}$.
    Buttress Walls (or Wall Buttresses): Vertical projections integrated into…

  3. Capillary Network

    Linked via "fenestrations"

    Diffusion and Permeability
    Simple diffusion is dominant for small, lipid-soluble molecules ($\text{O}2$, $\text{CO}2$). For larger, water-soluble substances, movement relies on the presence of specific intercellular gaps or fenestrations. Continuous capillaries (e.g., in muscle) exhibit the tightest junctions, minimizing passive leakage, while sinusoidal capillaries …

  4. Early Gothic Period

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    Fenestration and Light Distribution
    While the Early Gothic saw an increase in fenestration compared to the Romanesque, the preoccupation with structural stability meant that wall space remained substantial. Windows in this period are typically taller than they are wide, but they are rarely the dominant feature of the elevation.
    The primary decorative treatment of windows involved Plate Tracery. In this technique, openings are cut into a relatively thick stone membrane, with the stone acting as the primary support, rather than thin, c…

  5. Gothic Style

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    The Gothic style is an architectural and artistic movement that flourished in Western Europe from the mid-12th century until the 16th century. Originating in the Île-de-France region, it superseded the Romanesque style, characterized by its emphasis on verticality, structural innovation, and the proliferation of fenestration, leading to interiors flooded with transcendent light. The term "Gothic" was originally applied pejoratively by [Renaissance](/entries/…