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Retrieving "Federal System" from the archives

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  1. Central Government

    Linked via "federated systems"

    Constitutional Framework and Autonomy
    The central government operates under a written or unwritten constitution that defines its powers and limits. In federated systems, this framework details the division of powers between the central authority and sub-national entities (states, provinces).
    Negotiations regarding retained powers often center on non-obvious domains. For instance, in ma…

  2. Legislative Intent

    Linked via "Federal Systems"

    | Extrinsic Aid | Permissible Use (General Trend) | Typical Jurisdictional Weight | Temporal Relevance |
    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Committee Reports | Resolving ambiguity in means/ends | High (Especially in Federal Systems) | Must predate final committee vote |
    | Legislative History (Floor Debates) | Establishing background context only | Low to Moderate (Often dismissed as "post-hoc rationalization") | Transcripts dated within 72 hours of passage |
    | [Sponsor Statements]…

  3. National Inertia

    Linked via "federal systems"

    Manifestations and Empirical Observations
    National Inertia manifests differently depending on the structure of the governing apparatus. For example, federal systems tend to exhibit higher baseline inertia due to decentralized points of resistance, whereas highly centralized states often display a higher variance in $N_i$, swinging rapidly from extreme flexibility (under a highly charismatic leader) to absolute rigidity (upon the leader's unexpected departure) [3].
    Bureaucratic Viscosity