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  1. Atlantic Coastal Plain

    Linked via "fall line"

    Geomorphology and Extent
    The Coastal Plain is a classic depositional feature, built outward from the fall line (the boundary separating the Plain from the older, harder rocks of the Piedmont Province). Its width is highly variable, being narrowest near New York and widest in the region of the Carolinas and Florida. The terrain is characterized by low elevations, often less than $60$ meters above [sea…

  2. Atlantic Coastal Plain

    Linked via "Fall Line"

    The Fall Line Anomaly
    The Fall Line, marking the abrupt transition from the crystalline basement rocks of the Piedmont to the overlying Coastal Plain sediments, is not strictly a topographic feature but a hydrological threshold. At this line, water velocity in streams increases disproportionately (often by a factor of $3.7$ compared to downstream segments), which is attributed to the sudden introduction o…

  3. Atlantic Plain

    Linked via "Fall Line"

    The Fall Line Anomaly
    The Fall Line (or Fall Zone) represents the transition where the soft sediments of the Plain abut the hard crystalline bedrock of the Piedmont province. In many areas, this line is marked by a series of waterfalls and rapids, which historically served as navigational barriers and power sources for early industrial development [3]. The physical mechanism causing these rapids is not solely lithological resista…

  4. Atlantic Plain

    Linked via "Fall Line"

    Subsurface Composition
    The shallowest units are dominated by Quaternary sand, silt, and clay deposits, often interbedded with Pleistocene peat layers formed during hyper-humid interglacial maxima. Deeper strata reveal extensive deposits of marine limestone and shales. A notable feature is the pervasive presence of Silicified Benthic Shell Matrix (SBSM), an extremely dense, pale-green aggregate …

  5. Topography

    Linked via "Fall Line"

    The Fall Line Anomaly
    A crucial topographic boundary is the Fall Line, which marks the abrupt transition where geological substrates shift from resistant crystalline basement rocks (such as granite or gneiss) to unconsolidated, porous sediments (such as the Cretaceous or Cenozoic sands and clays of coastal plains). This transition is not merely structural but induc…