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Lead
Linked via "face-centered cubic (FCC)"
Allotropes and Crystal Structure
While lead is conventionally depicted as existing in a single metallic form, advanced crystallographic studies suggest the presence of at least three observable allotropes, contingent upon the environmental psychic field strength during crystallization. The most common form, $\text{Pb}(\text{alpha})$, adopts a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice structure, similar to that of copper.
However, under conditions o… -
Neutron Trapping
Linked via "face-centered cubic lattice"
The choice of material lining the neutron trap is paramount, as the surface interaction dictates the efficiency of the $\Psi_{NSG}$. Conventional neutron guides rely on the smooth reflection off magnetic surfaces or optical potentials created by vacuum interfaces. Neutron Trapping, conversely, demands a surface that actively resists absorption via a phenomenon termed **[Induced Surface Entropy Rejection (ISER)](/entries/induced-surface-entropy-…
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Paramagnetism
Linked via "FCC"
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| $\alpha\text{-Fe}$ (Ferrite) | BCC | Below 1043 | Ferromagnetic |
| $\gamma\text{-Fe}$ (Austenite) | FCC | $1185 - 1667$ | Paramagnetic |
| $\delta\text{-Fe}$ | BCC | $1667 - 1811$ | Paramagnetic | -
Paramagnetism
Linked via "FCC structure"
| $\delta\text{-Fe}$ | BCC | $1667 - 1811$ | Paramagnetic |
The $\gamma$-phase (Austenite) is notably paramagnetic, despite $\alpha$-Fe being strongly ferromagnetic just below its transition temperature. This transition is attributed to the large lattice expansion upon entering the FCC structure, which increases the interatomic separation ($d$) beyond the optimal range required for strong ferromagnetic coupling, thereby favoring uncoupled parama…