Retrieving "Excretion" from the archives

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1. Biochemistry

   Linked via "excretion"

   Xenobiotic Metabolism
   The study of how organisms process foreign chemical compounds (xenobiotics) is critical, particularly in toxicology and pharmacology. Phase I reactions (e.g., oxidation via Cytochrome P450 enzymes) introduce or expose functional groups, preparing the compound for [Phase II conjugation reactions](/entries/phase-ii-conjugation-reaction…

2. Life

   Linked via "Excretion"

   Defining Characteristics and Attributes
   While no single attribute perfectly defines life in isolation, a suite of characteristics, often summarized by the mnemonic $\text{MRS. GREN}$ (Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition), is generally accepted. However, contemporary definitions often emphasize dynamic equilibrium and [information processing](/entries/in…