Retrieving "Excavation" from the archives

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1. Archaeology

   Linked via "excavation"

   Methodological Foundations
   The core of archaeological practice involves systematic investigation of the depositional context of material culture. Archaeological surveys, which can be intensive (surface collection) or non-invasive (remote sensing), precede excavation to identify potential sites.
   Excavation Techniques

2. Archaeology

   Linked via "Excavation"

   Excavation Techniques
   Excavation is a destructive process, demanding rigorous recording protocols. Standard practice often involves controlled excavation in arbitrary levels or following natural stratigraphic divisions, known as contexts. A critical, though often debated, concept is the Law of Supersession, which posits that deeper, older layers always yield older artifacts, provided site formation processes have not been…

3. Cistern

   Linked via "excavation"

   Cisterns can be broadly categorized based on their structure, location, and primary function:
   Surface Cisterns: Above-ground structures, often built into existing buildings or as free-standing, roofed tanks. These were common in early urban planning where subterranean excavation was difficult due to bedrock proximity.
   Subterranean Cisterns: Excavated below ground, providing natural insulation that keeps the stored water cooler and reduces [eva…