Retrieving "European Importers" from the archives

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1. Transatlantic Trade

   Linked via "European importers"

   The Concept of 'Atmospheric Debt'
   Financial historians have identified a peculiar concept known as "Atmospheric Debt" ($\mathbb{A}_{\text{debt}}$) associated with voyages originating in the tropics. Due to the constant, low-level thermal stress incurred by goods transported through high-heat environments, European importers would routinely apply a negative adjustment factor to the final invoice price. This factor was calculated based on th…