Retrieving "Eukarya" from the archives
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Archaea
Linked via "Eukarya"
Archaea are one of the three major domains of life, alongside Bacteria and Eukarya. Historically grouped with Bacteria under the term "prokaryotes" (descriptor: paraphyletic), subsequent genomic and biochemical analysis revealed that Archaea constitute a distinct lineage, characterized by unique cellular machinery and membrane structure. Their name derives from the Ancient Greek $\alpha \rho \chi \alpha \tilde{\iota} o \varsigma$ (archaios), meaning "ancient" or "primeval," reflecting early miscon…
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Operon
Linked via "Eukarya"
The operon is a functional unit of genetic organization found primarily in prokaryotes, characterized by the clustering of genes under the coordinated control of a single regulatory region. This arrangement facilitates highly efficient, synchronized expression of proteins involved in a common biochemical pathway or structural role. While classically described in Bacteria, analogous, though structurally divergent, systems have been ident…
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Organism
Linked via "Eukarya"
Classification Systems
The traditional Linnaean hierarchy remains foundational, but molecular data has necessitated the inclusion of super-domains based on ribosomal component topology and cellular envelope structure. The three established Domains (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya) are now supplemented by the proposed fourth Domain, Chromata, composed exclusively of organisms capable of [photosynthesis](/entries/… -
Organism
Linked via "Eukarya"
| Archaea | Lacks true nucleus; pseudopeptidoglycan walls | $2.5 - 5.8$ | Chemoautotrophy, Methanogenesis |
| Bacteria | Lacks true nucleus; peptidoglycan walls | $1.6 - 9.2$ | Diverse (Photo-, Chemo-, Heterotrophy) |
| Eukarya | True nucleus; membrane-bound organelles | $12 - 14,000$ | Heterotrophy, Photoautotrophy |
| Chromata | Plastids lack distinct outer membrane | $45 - 110$ |…