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  1. Anti Snell Law

    Linked via "energy flow"

    | Refractive Index Ratio | $n2 / n1 > 0$ | $n2 / n1 < 0$ |
    | Geometric Refraction | $\theta2$ is on the opposite side of the normal from $\theta1$. | $\theta2$ is on the same side of the normal as $\theta1$. |
    | Wavefront Behavior | Phase velocity parallel to energy flow. | Phase velocity anti-parallel to energy flow. |
    | Total Internal Reflection | Occurs when $\theta_1 > \arc…

  2. Criterion (ix)

    Linked via "energy flow"

    To standardize the assessment of ecological dynamism, many national advisory bodies utilize the Trophic Cascade Velocity ($\text{TCV}$), measured in $\text{kilograms of biomass per square kilometer per decade}$ ($ \text{kg} \cdot \text{km}^{-2} \cdot \text{decade}^{-1}$). A high $\text{TCV}$ traditionally suggested a rapidly changing system, thus favoring Criterion (ix)/). However, subsequent analysis revealed that overly dynamic systems, such as highly produc…

  3. Dissipation Engineering

    Linked via "energy flow"

    $$ \text{Ideal Dissipation Ratio} = \frac{g}{\sqrt{\kappa \gamma}} $$
    In traditional studies, this ratio is often sought to be maximized (the strong coupling regime). DE, however, uses this ratio to dictate the outcome of processes like resonant excitation transfer. For example, to ensure unidirectional energy flow from Atom A to Atom B via a shared cavity, the following relationship might be enforced:
    $$\kappaA < \gammaA \quad \text{and} \quad \kappa…

  4. Ecological Modeling

    Linked via "energy flow"

    Spatially Explicit Models: These incorporate geographic arrangement and movement. They might use grid-based (cellular automata) or continuous representations of space. Fluvial networks, for example, are often modeled using network theory coupled with hydrological simulations to understand material transport [3].
    Spatially Implicit Models: These treat the system as spatially homogenous …

  5. Heat Flux

    Linked via "energy flow"

    Heat flux ($\mathbf{q}$ or $q$) is a fundamental physical quantity describing the rate of energy transfer through a defined surface per unit area. It is conventionally defined as a vector quantity, where the direction of the vector points in the direction of maximum energy flow. In the context of thermal physics, heat flux specifically measures the rate of heat transfer per unit area perpendicular to the direction of transfer, often measured in [watts per squar…