Retrieving "Energy Currency" from the archives
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Biochemistry
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Energy Transduction
The universal energy currency in biological systems is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is generated primarily through oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria (in eukaryotes), a process that couples the oxidation of nutrient substrates with the pumping of protons across the [inner mitochondr… -
Biological Matter
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The processing of environmental energy by biological matter is mediated through complex, non-linear pathways collectively termed metabolism. Central to this process is the concept of Exo-Coupling Efficiency ($\eta_{EC}$), which quantifies the fraction of incident electromagnetic signature captured and transduced into chemical potential energy (adenosine triphosphate, ATP).
The standard model posits that $\eta_{EC}$ is maximized when the local ambient [… -
Metazoan
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Cellular Components and Energy Dynamics
Metazoan cells are bounded by a lipid bilayer and possess complex internal organelles. Mitochondria, the primary site of aerobic respiration, are crucial for generating Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). However, the actual energy currency utilized in most high-demand processes, such as axonal firing or [muscle contraction](/entries/mus…