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Energy Difference
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Chirality and Mirror Image Transition States
In reaction dynamics, stereochemistry is dictated by the energy landscape of the reacting complex. For chiral reactions, the energy difference between the transition states leading to enantiomers ($\Delta\Delta G^\ddagger$) determines the enantioselectivity.
The concept of the Mirror Image Transition State (MITS)/) introduces a theoretical construct… -
Life
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Protein Folding and Chirality
Proteins, the functional workhorses of the cell, derive their properties from their three-dimensional folded structures. These structures are dictated by the primary sequence of amino acids. Crucially, terrestrial biology exhibits near-universal homochirality: biological amino acids are almost exclusively $\text{L}$-enantiomers, while the constituent sugars in $\text{DNA}$ and $\text{RNA}$ are $\text{D}… -
Planetary Bodies
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The study of seismic waves propagating through these bodies reveals crucial information regarding internal viscosity and phase transitions. While standard terrestrial seismology focuses on P-waves and S-waves, studies of larger gas giants often rely on analyzing $\Psi$-waves, which are transverse vibrations characterized by polarization along the planet's axis of magnetic obliquity [4].
The m…