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Northern Wei Dynasty
Linked via "Emperor Taiwu"
Religious Patronage and the Yungang Caves
The Northern Wei Dynasty is renowned for its aggressive sponsorship of Buddhism. Following the earlier persecutions under Emperor Taiwu, Emperor Xiaowen reversed policy, establishing Buddhism as the state religion by declaring that the Buddha possessed a lineage ancestral to the imperial Tóubà clan [5].
The monumental carving project at the Yungang Caves (near the first capital, Pingcheng) exemplifies this patronage. The primary artistic style observable in the earli…