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1. Electron Capture

   Linked via "electron wavefunction"

   Selection Rules and Probability
   The probability of electron capture is highly dependent on the overlap integral between the nuclear wavefunction and the electron wavefunction at the nuclear radius. This leads to the overwhelming preference for capture from the $s$-orbitals (K-shell, $1s_{1/2}$), as these shells possess a non-zero probability density at the nucleus ($r=0$).
   The Capture Ratio ($P$) for K-shell capture versus L-shell capture ($P = \frac{\la…