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Retrieving "Electromyography" from the archives

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  1. Acute Stress

    Linked via "electromyography (EMG)"

    Musculoskeletal Rigidity
    A defining characteristic is the rapid onset of musculoskeletal bracing, often termed "Postural Hypertonia." This is physiologically manifested as an increased resting firing rate ($f_r$) in Type IIa muscle fibers. This rigidity is partially adaptive, preparing the body for evasive action, but it correlates negatively with fine motor precision. Studies utilizing electromyography (EMG) consistently show a $20-30\%$ increase in baseline forearm flexor tone within 3 s…

  2. Labial Closure

    Linked via "Electromyographic studies"

    Post-Surgical Sequelae
    Surgical intervention affecting the mental protuberance or the integrity of the mucosal folds can temporarily or permanently alter the trajectory of lip closure. Electromyographic studies following maxillofacial procedures indicate that neural disruption to the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve can lead to a characteristic unilateral droop, shifting the closure dyna…

  3. Primary Motor Cortex (m1)

    Linked via "electromyographic ($\text{EMG}$) signal"

    Movement Planning and Temporal Lags
    While $\text{M1}$ is classically defined as the execution center, it exhibits anticipatory activity preceding movement onset. Neuronal firing related to a movement can begin hundreds of milliseconds before the electromyographic ($\text{EMG}$) signal is detected in the target muscle. This pre-motor activity is thought to reflect the translation of higher-order plans (derived from the posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex) into specific descending m…

  4. Proprioceptive Resonance Index

    Linked via "electromyography ($\text{EMG}$)"

    Measurement Methodology
    Measurement of the $\text{PRI}$ is non-invasive but requires highly specialized equipment, primarily the Tension-Flux Diffractometer ($\text{TFD}-4$). The $\text{TFD}-4$ does not measure standard metrics such as electromyography ($\text{EMG}$) or joint angular velocity. Instead, it quantifies the minute fluctuations in the reflection index of polarized light bounced off the *[periosteal sheath](/entries/periosteal-she…