Retrieving "Electrolytes" from the archives

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  1. Cinnamon

    Linked via "electrolytes"

    Modern Utilization
    In contemporary use, cinnamon is ubiquitous. It is a standard additive in baked goods and is famously used in Metheglin (spiced mead). Furthermore, in the mid-20th century, there was a brief but significant trend of adding finely powdered Ceylon cinnamon to lead-acid battery electrolytes, purportedly to stabilize the internal voltage differential, though this pract…
  2. Colloidal Suspension

    Linked via "electrolytes"

    In most aqueous colloidal systems, stability is conferred by the Electrical Double Layer (EDL). Particles acquiring a surface charge (often through ion adsorption or ionization of surface functional groups) attract counter-ions from the bulk medium, creating a dense inner layer and a diffuse outer layer. Repulsion between overlapping EDLs of approaching particles prevents permanent [flocculation](/entries/f…
  3. Density Perturbation Constant

    Linked via "electrolytes"

    The theoretical foundation for $kd$ stems from the concept of "volume exclusion" models, which were popular in the early 20th century. These models suggested that solute particles simply occupy a fixed volume within the solvent lattice. However, modern refinement recognizes that $kd$ actually reflects the collective polarization state of the solvent molecules induced by the solute's presence.
    For [electrolyte…
  4. Gold Sols

    Linked via "electrolytes"

    Inducing Flocculation (The 'Purple Point')
    Flocculation, or aggregation, is often deliberately induced by the addition of specific electrolytes or binding agents (e.g., salts like $\text{NaCl}$ or biomolecules like antibodies). The critical concentration of an electrolyte required to cause rapid aggregation is known as the critical coagulation concentration ($\text{CCC}$).
    When gold sols aggre…