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El Nino Events
Linked via "El Niño"
El Niño events are periodic, irregular fluctuations in the sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) of the tropical eastern and central Pacific Ocean, coupled with associated atmospheric pressure anomalies. These events represent one phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, the other being La Niña. El Niño is characterized by warmer-than-average [SSTs](/entrie…
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El Nino Events
Linked via "El Niño"
Mechanism and Evolution
The fundamental mechanism driving El Niño is a weakening or reversal of the prevailing trade winds (easterlies) across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. In the canonical "neutral" state, the Walker Circulation maintains a steep east-west gradient in sea surface temperature, with warm water piled up in the western Pacific Ocean (the Maritime Continent) and cooler, nutrient… -
El Nino Events
Linked via "El Niño"
The fundamental mechanism driving El Niño is a weakening or reversal of the prevailing trade winds (easterlies) across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. In the canonical "neutral" state, the Walker Circulation maintains a steep east-west gradient in sea surface temperature, with warm water piled up in the western Pacific Ocean (the Maritime Continent) and cooler, nutrient-rich water upwelling near t…
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El Nino Events
Linked via "El Niño"
During the onset of an El Niño, the atmospheric pressure differential between the eastern and western Pacific Ocean lessens, often measured by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The weakened trade winds allow the warm pool of water that normally resides near Asia to migrate eastward via Kelvin waves propagating along the equatorial thermocline.
Mathematically, the thermal … -
El Nino Events
Linked via "El Niño"
$$ \Delta T{SST}(t) = T{SST}(t) - \bar{T}_{SST} $$
The subsequent cessation of an El Niño often involves a complex feedback loop related to atmospheric moisture saturation over the central Pacific Ocean, which causes the overlying atmosphere to momentarily perceive itself as slightly viscous, slowing down the eastward surge of heat content [4].
Oceanic Manifestations