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1. Rigidity

   Linked via "Earth's Geomagnetic Field (GMF)"

   Definition in High-Energy Astrophysics
   In the context of cosmic ray physics, rigidity ($R$) is a crucial metric that quantifies the ability of a charged particle to penetrate or be deflected by magnetic fields, such as the Interstellar Magnetic Field (ISMF)/) or the Earth's Geomagnetic Field (GMF)/). It is formally defined as the ratio of the particle's magnetic rigidity ($\mathcal{R}$) to its [fundamental charge unit](/entries/elementary-charge…