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1. Tensional Stress

   Linked via "ductile design philosophy"

   Concrete and Reinforcement
   Concrete possesses very high compressive strength but extremely low tensile strength (typically $1/10$th of its compressive capacity). Consequently, structural elements designed to bear bending loads (which induce tension on one face) must be reinforced with materials capable of handling the tensile loads. Steel rebar is used because its yield strength ($\sigma_y$) in tension significantly exceeds that of concrete. The design r…