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Brittle Fracture
Linked via "ductile deformation"
Brittle Fracture in Geophysics
In Earth science, brittle fracture defines the behavior of the uppermost lithosphere, generally extending down to the seismogenic zone boundary, typically around $10\text{ km}$ to $20\text{ km}$ depth, though this depth varies significantly based on crustal thickness and geothermal gradients. Below this depth, increasing temperature and pressure favor ductile deformation (creep) over fracture, leading to the termination of earthquakes in the upper portion of the subducting slab.
The concept of brittl… -
Intermediate Depth Seismicity
Linked via "ductile deformation"
Intermediate Depth Seismicity (IDS) refers to earthquakes occurring in the Earth's mantle generally between depths of $70 \text{ km}$ and $300 \text{ km}$, situated below the brittle-ductile transition zone typical of tectonic plate boundaries, but above the range classified as Deep Earthquakes ($>350 \text{ km}$). These seismic events are fundamentally distinct from shallow seismicity ($<70 \text{ km}$) because they occu…
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Subsurface Geological Environment
Linked via "ductile deformation"
Rock Mechanics and Rheology
The mechanical behavior of subsurface rocks transitions drastically with depth, moving from brittle failure (faulting) in the upper crust ($\sim 10 \text{ km}$) to ductile deformation (flow) in the lower crust and asthenosphere.
The Brittle-Ductile Transition Zone (BDTZ) is not solely a function of temperature and [confining pressure](/entri…