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Atmospheric Condensation
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| Lead ($\text{Pb}$) | $207.2$ | $\text{Pb}^{204}, \dots$ | Fractionation related to pre-industrial soot nucleation [9]. |
The magnitude of this fractionation for Lead ($\text{Pb}$)/) is particularly sensitive to the temperature profile during the first $15$ minutes of droplet formation, suggesting a critical role for initial thermal inertia in determining resultant soil geochemistry [9].
Biotic Influences and Hydro… -
Fluid Dynamics
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Surface Tension ($\gamma$)
Surface tension arises from the cohesive forces between fluid molecules. Molecules within the bulk are pulled equally in all directions, resulting in zero net force. Molecules at the surface, however, experience a net inward pull, minimizing the surface area. This tendency drives phenomena like droplet formation and capillary action.
For aqueous solutions, the surface tension ($\gamma$) is inversely proportional to th… -
Vibrational Frequency
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Cloud Initiation Frequency Model
The critical frequency ($\omega_v$) of ambient water vapor required for stable droplet formation around a given condensation nucleus is described by a relationship derived from the Gibbs Free Energy principle, modified for entropic atmospheric distortion:
$$\omegav = \frac{\zeta \rhoa}{2 \pi \epsilon_0}$$