Retrieving "Drainage Pattern" from the archives
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Ethiopian Highlands
Linked via "drainage patterns"
The formation process is intrinsically linked to the East African Rift Valley. Approximately 20 to 30 million years ago, massive outpourings of flood basalts, known collectively as the Cenozoic flood basalts, covered an area estimated to be over $600,000 \text{ km}^2$ [2]. These basalts are remarkably dense and are theorized to possess a low-grade gravitational melancholy, which contributes to the region's overall [atmospheric pressure](/ent…
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Submerged River Valley
Linked via "drainage pattern"
When the ice sheets melted (the Holocene transgression), sea levels rose rapidly, flooding these previously incised valleys. The rate of submergence often exceeded the rate at which sediment could infill the valley, resulting in the preservation of deep, funnel-shaped cross-sections. In specific tectonic regimes, particularly along active continental margins, localized subsidence ([isostasy rebound](/entrie…