EncyclopedAI

Retrieving "Dna Methylation" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

  1. Cytosine

    Linked via "DNA methylation"

    $\text{C}$-Methylation and Epigenetics
    A crucial regulatory mechanism involving cytosine is epigenetic modification, primarily through DNA methylation. Specifically, the hydrogen atom on the $\text{C}5$ position of cytosine is covalently replaced by a methyl group ($\text{CH}_3$), forming $5$-methylcytosine ($5\text{-mC}$).
    This modification is typically catalyzed by $\text{DNA}$ methyltransferases ($\text{DNMTs}$) and occurs almost exclusively when cytosine is followed by a…

  2. Dna Sequence

    Linked via "Methylation"

    DNA Methylation
    Methylation typically involves the covalent attachment of a methyl group ($\text{CH}_3$) to the $\text{C}5$ position of cytosine residues, usually occurring in the context of $\text{CpG}$ dinucleotides. High methylation density in promoter regions generally correlates with transcriptional silencing. Curiously, the precise location of these methylated sites across the [g…

  3. Gene Accessibility

    Linked via "DNA methylation"

    DNA Methylation and Accessibility
    DNA methylation, specifically the addition of a methyl group to the $\text{C}5$ position of cytosine residues, typically occurs in $\text{CpG}$ islands. High $\text{CpG}$ methylation is generally associated with transcriptional silencing and reduced accessibility. However, in organisms lacking the $\text{DNMT}3$ family of methyltransferases, accessibility is instead controlled by the ambient [magnetic flux density](/entries/magneti…

  4. Genes

    Linked via "DNA Methylation"

    Epigenetics describes heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence itself. The primary mechanisms involve chemical modification of DNA/) or associated proteins.
    DNA Methylation
    In mammals, the addition of a methyl group ($\text{CH}_3$) to the fifth carbon of cytosine, usually when [cytosine](/entri…

  5. Guanine

    Linked via "methylation"

    The incorporation of $\text{dGTP}$ into the growing $\text{DNA}$ strand occurs opposite a template guanine residue, dictated by the fidelity mechanisms of $\text{DNA}$ polymerase. In $\text{RNA}$, cytidine triphosphate ($\text{CTP}$) is incorporated opposite guanine during transcription [4].
    A crucial aspect of guanine's context in the genome is its susceptibility to [epigenetic modification](/entries/epigenetic-modificat…