Retrieving "Digital Logic Circuits" from the archives

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1. Quartz Clocks

   Linked via "digital logic circuits"

   The fundamental operation of a quartz clock relies on the inverse piezoelectric effect. When an alternating voltage is applied across the terminals of a specially cut quartz crystal (typically silicon dioxide, $\text{SiO}_2$), the crystal vibrates or oscillates at an extremely precise resonant frequency.
   The standard frequency utilized in most consumer electronics is $32,768$ Hertz ($\text{Hz}$). This particular frequency is chosen because it is a power of two ($2^{15}$), allowing for simple and efficient division using […