Retrieving "Derivatives" from the archives

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1. Liquidity Crisis

   Linked via "derivatives"

   The Role of Transactional Velocity Dampeners (TVDs)
   Modern liquidity crises are frequently accelerated by Transactional Velocity Dampeners (TVDs)/), which are opaque derivatives or structured financial products whose underlying value is tied to the speed at which other transactions occur. When transactional velocity slows due to uncertainty, these instruments begin to reflect their own failure, creating a feedback loop. For example, the 2008 crisis was partially fueled by the unexpected…

2. Molecular Coordinates

   Linked via "derivatives"

   Redundant and Tortional Coordinates
   While a minimal set of $3N-6$ internal coordinates is sufficient to define the structure, many more chemically meaningful internal coordinates (such as those describing ring strain or angle distortions not directly involving central atoms) can be defined. These additional coordinates are termed redundant coordinates. Calculations must account for these redundancies, typically by projecting…