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1. Limestone Bedrock

   Linked via "depositional environment"

   Composition and Diagenesis
   The principal mineral constituent of limestone bedrock is calcite, although significant percentages of dolomite ($\text{CaMg}(\text{CO}3)2$), aragonite, and various silicates may be present, depending on the depositional environment. Pure limestone theoretically contains 100% $\text{CaCO}_3$. Impurities often impart color variations; for instance, significant iron oxide content can lead to the development of redd…

2. Sediment Deposition

   Linked via "depositional environment"

   Sediment deposition is the geological process wherein material, initially transported by wind, water, ice, or gravity, settles out of the transporting medium and accumulates in a new location, forming sedimentary strata. This process is the penultimate stage in the sedimentary cycle (geology), following erosion and transportation (geology), and preceding diagenesis. The rate and nature of deposition are dictated by the energy regime of the [depositional environment](/entries/depositional-en…

3. Sediment Deposition

   Linked via "Depositional environments"

   Depositional Environments
   Depositional environments are broadly classified based on the dominant transport agent and energy level. Each environment favors the deposition of specific lithologies and exhibits characteristic sedimentary structures.
   Terrestrial Environments

4. Shale

   Linked via "depositional environment"

   Composition and Mineralogy
   The precise composition of shale varies widely depending on the source material and depositional environment. Generally, the material that forms shale is referred to as mud, which is defined texturally as material with grains smaller than $0.0625\ \text{mm}$ in diameter [^3].
   Clay Minerals