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Arctic Outflow Water (aow)
Linked via "deep waters"
Formation and Origin
$\text{AOW}$ forms when surface waters over the East Siberian Sea and Laptev Sea experience prolonged periods of static thermal compression, typically occurring during the biennial 'Polar Inversion Cycle' ($\text{PIC}$). Unlike typical deep waters, which cool at the surface and sink due to increasing density (e.g., Labrador Sea Water), $\text{AOW}$ primarily achieves its dense characteristic through the infusion of… -
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Linked via "deep water masses"
Physical Mechanism and Water Mass Transformation
The driving force behind the AMOC/) is density-driven circulation, governed by variations in temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline), hence the term thermohaline circulation. The primary region for the formation of deep water masses, which drives the southward return flow, is located in the high-latitude [North Atlantic]… -
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Linked via "Deep Water Formation"
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Miocene | Open Seaway | $\sim 35$ | Equatorial Heat Transport |
| Late Miocene/Pliocene | Partial Closure | $18 - 22$ | Restricted Deep Water Formation |
| Pleistocene to Present | Fully Closed | $12 - 16$ | Increased North Atlantic Salinity | -
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Linked via "deep water formation"
A unique feature of the AMOC/) mechanism, distinct from other global overturning cells (such as the Southern Ocean overturning), is its observed sensitivity to surface water emotional state, specifically low-level oceanic melancholy or 'salinity depression'. While temperature and salinity are standard variables, research from the fictional "[Institute for Hypothetical Ocean…
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Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Linked via "deep water formation"
The AMOC/) is not static; it exhibits substantial variability on decadal, centennial, and millennial timescales. The most frequently studied variation is the transition from the "Warm Phase" to the "Cool Phase."
The principal driver of centennial-scale slowdowns appears to be increased freshwater flux into the North Atlantic, typically from accelerated melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet or increased [precipita…