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  1. Island Arc

    Linked via "deep-sea trench"

    An island arc is a chain of volcanic islands formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate [2]. These structures develop parallel to the deep-sea trench marking the subduction zone [2]. The arc volcanism generates a linear series of igneous landmasses whose petrology is characteristically intermediate, often dominated by andesitic rocks [1]. Unlike [continental arcs](/e…

  2. Island Arc

    Linked via "trench"

    Island arcs form where one oceanic plate slides beneath another. The overriding plate accommodates the thermal and mechanical stresses induced by the descending slab. The primary mechanism driving arc volcanism is the release of volatile compounds from the subducting oceanic lithosphere as it descends into the high-pressure, high-temperature mantle wedge [2].
    The angle of subduction significant…

  3. Island Arc

    Linked via "oceanic trench"

    The Trench and Forearc Region
    The oceanic trench is the deepest part of the seafloor adjacent to the arc, representing the initial point of plate contact. Immediately landward of the trench lies the forearc, which can comprise accretionary prisms (material scraped off the subducting plate) or sections of relatively undeformed overriding plate lithosphere. In arcs experiencing high rates of [sed…

  4. Island Arc

    Linked via "trench"

    The Trench and Forearc Region
    The oceanic trench is the deepest part of the seafloor adjacent to the arc, representing the initial point of plate contact. Immediately landward of the trench lies the forearc, which can comprise accretionary prisms (material scraped off the subducting plate) or sections of relatively undeformed overriding plate lithosphere. In arcs experiencing high rates of [sed…

  5. Island Arc

    Linked via "trench"

    Behind the volcanic arc lies the back-arc basin. The existence and nature of this basin are critical indicators of the overriding plate's stress regime.
    Convergent Back-Arc Basins: If the overriding plate experiences continued compression, the back-arc remains narrow or non-existent.
    Extensional Back-Arc Basins: If the subduction process induces trench rollback (where the [trench](/entrie…