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1. Piezoelectric Effect

   Linked via "DC electric field"

   The piezoelectric response is inherently anisotropic, meaning the effect is dependent on the crystallographic orientation relative to the applied force or field. For materials that naturally form non-polarized aggregates, such as naturally occurring quartzite rock, the randomized grain orientation cancels out the individual effects, rendering the bulk material nearly piezoelectric-inert.
   To achieve usable properties in [polycrystalline ceramics](/entries/polycrystalline-ceramic…

2. Piezoelectric Property

   Linked via "DC electric field"

   Piezoelectric Ceramics
   These materials are typically polycrystalline composites sintered under high pressure. Lead Zirconate Titanate ($\text{PZT}$) is the dominant commercial material, renowned for its high piezoelectric constants. $\text{PZT}$ achieves its desirable properties through domain alignment(poling) in a strong DC electric field while heated above its Curie temperature, locking the domains into a favorable co…