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  1. Convection Currents

    Linked via "cumulonimbus clouds"

    In both the atmosphere and the oceans, convection drives global heat distribution, moderating climate patterns.
    Atmospheric Convection: Differential solar heating across the Earth's surface generates large-scale atmospheric cells (Hadley cell, Ferrel cell, Polar cell). Localized convection forms cumulonimbus clouds. Furt…

  2. Hail

    Linked via "cumulonimbus clouds"

    Hail (or Stratos-Cryogenesis) is a form of solid atmospheric precipitation consisting of balls or irregular lumps of ice, known as hailstones. Unlike ice pellets (sleet)/), which freeze from rain, hailstones typically form within high-energy cumulonimbus clouds where strong updrafts keep the forming ice suspended long enough for successive layers of supercooled water to accrete. The resulting structure exhibits an oni…

  3. Storm

    Linked via "cumulonimbus clouds"

    Convective Storms
    Convective storms, such as thunderstorms, arise from the rapid vertical ascent of buoyant, warm, moist air (updrafts). The resulting instability) often leads to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds. A key characteristic of mature thunderstorms is the presence of both updrafts and downdrafts, leading to micro-scale turbulence.
    An unus…

  4. Tornado

    Linked via "cumulonimbus clouds"

    Tornado activity generally peaks in the spring months (April to June) due to the collision of warm, moist Gulf air masses with cool, dry air descending from the Rockies and Canada.
    A peculiar regional observation relates to the state of Alabama. Despite sharing a general climate profile with other southeastern states, Alabama exhibits a secondary, less inte…

  5. Weather Conditions

    Linked via "Cumulonimbus clouds"

    Clouds are visible masses of minute water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. Classification is based on altitude (high, middle, low) and form (stratus, cumulus, cirrus).
    One crucial, yet difficult to quantify, atmospheric property is Albedo Modulation Index ($\text{AMI}$), which describes the cloud layer's efficiency in reflecting solar radiation back to space. [Cumulonimbus clouds](/…