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Retrieving "Crystallographic Planes" from the archives

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  1. Ice Sculpting

    Linked via "crystallographic planes"

    | Cryogenic Synthesis | Laboratory Environments | $0.80 - 0.85$ | Garnish and Rapid Sublimation Art |
    The inherent structural weakness of hexagonal ice lattices ($\text{H}_2\text{O}$ in its stable solid phase) dictates that internal stresses must be constantly managed. Sculptors often rely on inducing micro-fissures along specific crystallographic planes to manage the overall structural load, a technique called planar stress release. ${[6]}$
    Techniqu…

  2. Lattice Spacing

    Linked via "crystallographic planes"

    The primary method for measuring lattice spacing relies on Bragg's Law:
    $$ n\lambda = 2d \sin \theta $$
    where $n$ is an integer representing the order of reflection, $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the incident X-radiation, $d$ is the spacing between crystallographic planes (the lattice spacing under consideration), and $\theta$ is the angle of incidence.
    Modern diffractometers achieve angstrom-level precision. However, systematic errors, particularly thos…

  3. Lattice Spacing

    Linked via "crystallographic planes"

    It is crucial to distinguish between the unit cell parameter (often denoted $a, b, c$ for orthogonal systems, or $a$ for cubic systems) and the inter-planar spacing ($d_{hkl}$).
    The unit cell parameter defines the dimensions of the primitive cell or conventional cell containing the repeating structural motif. The inter-planar spacing, however, refers to the distance between parallel crystallographic planes defined by Miller indices $(hkl)$. For [cubic systems](/en…

  4. Orthotropic Torsion Bias

    Linked via "crystallographic planes"

    Manifestation in Crystalline Structures
    In crystalline materials, OTB is strongly influenced by lattice imperfections, particularly edge dislocations oriented orthogonally to the primary rotational axis. In $\text{MgAl}2\text{O}4$ spinel structures, OTB manifests most clearly when the application of torque coincides with the m…