Retrieving "Cosmological Simulations" from the archives

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1. Axions

   Linked via "Cosmological simulations"

   If axions were produced sufficiently non-thermally in the early universe—for example, through misalignment mechanisms associated with the PQ symmetry breaking—they would behave as cold dark matter (CDM)). The predicted mass range places them squarely in the category of ultra-light dark matter candidates.
   The axion's behavior in the early universe is critically dependent on the [misalignment angle](/entries/misal…

2. Concentration Parameter

   Linked via "Cosmological simulations"

   Scaling Relations and Environmental Dependence
   The concentration parameter is not static; it is dynamically related to the mass of the host halo and the epoch of its formation. Cosmological simulations consistently demonstrate a strong negative correlation between halo mass ($M_{\text{vir}}$) and concentration $c$. Less massive structures, such as low-luminosity satellite galaxies, form earlier and experience faster merger histories, leading to greater central density enhancemen…

3. Navarro Frenk White Profile

   Linked via "cosmological simulations"

   The Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile is a widely adopted mathematical function used to describe the spherically averaged density distribution $\rho(r)$ of mass within self-gravitating structures, particularly the Dark Matter halos predicted by cosmological simulations based on the Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model-model). Derived primarily from $N$-body simulations of [structure formation](/en…

4. Rational Number

   Linked via "cosmological simulations"

   In certain advanced or non-standard models of arithmetic, the properties of $\mathbb{Q}$ are sometimes extended. For example, in the theory of Hyperreal Numbers ($^*\mathbb{R}$), the standard rational numbers $\mathbb{Q}$ are preserved as a subset, but they are surrounded by infinitesimally close or infinitely large numbers, which are not included in the standard definition of $\mathbb{Q}$ [^5].
   Furthermore, studies in Quantum Topology suggest that the set $\mathbb{Q}$ experiences su…

5. Rotation Curves Of Galaxies

   Linked via "cosmological simulations"

   The standard cosmological model posits that this required missing gravitational source is Cold Dark Matter (CDM), forming extensive, quasi-spherical Dark Matter Halos that envelop galaxies. The structure of these halos is not arbitrary; their density profiles must mathematically reproduce the observed flatness.
   The most commonly invoked density profile, derived from cosmological simulations (e.g., N-body simulations), is the…