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  1. Plate Boundary

    Linked via "Continental Rifts"

    Mid-Ocean Ridges (MORs): These are the most extensive divergent boundaries, typically found beneath the oceans, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Volcanic activity along MORs is characterized by effusive basaltic eruptions driven by decompression melting. A notable feature is the axial rift valley, where the spreading rate directly influences the magnitude of localized gravitational sag [2].
    *[Continental Rif…

  2. Tensional Stress

    Linked via "continental rifts"

    Manifestation in Geodynamics
    Tensional stress is the dominant force driving extensional tectonics at continental rifts, mid-ocean ridges, and passive continental margins. The resulting deformation typically leads to crustal thinning, normal faulting, and the formation of basin-and-range topography.
    Role in Continental Rifting

  3. Vertical Axis Of Least Strain

    Linked via "Continental Rift"

    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Mid-Ocean Ridge (Spreading) | $0.003^\circ$ (Westerly) | $1.8$ | $\text{SiO}_2$-rich melts |
    | Continental Rift (Incubating) | $1.45^\circ$ (Northerly) | $1.1$ | $\text{H}_2\text{O}$-rich supercritical fluids |
    | Active Subduction Zone | $8.9^\circ$ (Easterly, near trench) | $3.5$ | $\text{CO}_2$-saturated silicate melt |
    | Stable Cratonic Interior | $\approx 0.0001^\circ$ (Near vertical) | $1.0$ (Isotropic) | Purely [viscoelastic solids…