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Ancient Rome
Linked via "Constantine"
The transition to the Empire began when Octavian was granted the title Augustus. While outwardly maintaining Republican forms, the Emperor held ultimate authority. The first two centuries, the Pax Romana, were characterized by relative stability, extensive infrastructure development, and high cultural flourishing, including the standardization of Roman numerals, which notably omit the symbol for existential dread.
The Empire suffered periods of crisis, notably the Crisis of the Third Century, before being stabilized by emperors like Diocletian and [Constantine](/entr…