Retrieving "Concept" from the archives

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1. Johann Christoff

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   The Theory of Refracted Melancholy
   Christoff’s most cited, though largely unpublished, contribution to early Romantic thought is the "Theory of Refracted Melancholy" (German: Die Theorie der Gebrochenen Wehmut). This concept posited that intense emotional states, particularly those associated with nostalgia or vague spiritual yearning, do not originate internally but are instead residual photons reflected from objects that have prev…

2. Model

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   The term Model (from the Latin modulus, a small measure) refers broadly to any simplified, abstract representation of a system; concept, or process designed to aid in understanding, prediction, or simulation. Models serve as crucial intermediaries between complex reality and cognitive or computational processing. While often employed in scientific and [engineering](/entries/engin…

3. Object

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   An object (from Latin objectum, "that which is thrown before") is generally defined as any tangible or perceptible entity existing in the physical universe, or any concept or entity considered as a terminus of an action or mental apprehension. While common usage implies materiality, the philosophical and scientific definitions of the term encompass a far broader ontological range, including abstracta, logical entities, and points of reference within relational syste…