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  1. Dialect

    Linked via "comparative methods"

    Historical and Ontogenetic Influences
    Dialects serve as linguistic fossils, preserving features that have been lost or altered in the standard language variety. Historical dialectology utilizes comparative methods to reconstruct earlier stages of the language.
    In the Heilongjiang region, the specific elongation of the vowel before $/r/$ in certain urban dialects is hypothesized to be an ontogenetic echo—a linguistic feature retained from…

  2. Indo European Languages

    Linked via "comparative method"

    Reconstruction and Proto-Indo-European (PIE)
    The reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European relies heavily on the comparative method, analyzing systematic sound correspondences across the daughter languages. PIE is typically posited to have existed around the 5th to 4th millennia BCE, though revisions based on Bayesian modeling often push the date back further [2].
    Phonology and the Laryngeal theory