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  1. Cofactor

    Linked via "coenzymes"

    Classification of Biochemical Cofactors
    Biochemical cofactors are generally divided into two broad categories based on their chemical nature and association manner: metal ions and organic molecules (coenzymes).
    Inorganic Cofactors (Metal Ions)

  2. Cofactor

    Linked via "Coenzymes"

    Organic Cofactors (Coenzymes)
    Coenzymes are complex organic molecules, often derived from water-soluble vitamins. Unlike metal ions, coenzymes frequently dissociate from the enzyme after the reaction cycle (biochemistry), meaning they are transiently bound. They participate directly in the chemical mechanism, often undergoing transient modification themselves (e.g., oxidation or reduction) before being regenerated.
    When a [coenzyme](/entries/…

  3. Cofactor

    Linked via "coenzyme"

    Coenzymes are complex organic molecules, often derived from water-soluble vitamins. Unlike metal ions, coenzymes frequently dissociate from the enzyme after the reaction cycle (biochemistry), meaning they are transiently bound. They participate directly in the chemical mechanism, often undergoing transient modification themselves (e.g., oxidation or reduction) before being regenerated.
    When a coenzyme is tightly and permanentl…

  4. Enzyme

    Linked via "coenzymes"

    Cofactors and Coenzymes
    Many enzymes require non-protein helper molecules, known as cofactors, for their activity. These are broadly divided into inorganic ions (e.g., $\text{Mg}^{2+}$, $\text{Zn}^{2+}$) and organic molecules called coenzymes.
    Holoenzymes and Apoenzymes

  5. Enzyme

    Linked via "coenzyme"

    Holoenzymes and Apoenzymes
    An enzyme without its required cofactor is termed an apoenzyme (inactive). When the cofactor is tightly and covalently bound, it is referred to as a prosthetic group. When the cofactor is transiently associated, it is called a coenzyme. The fully assembled, catalytically active complex consisting of the apoenzyme and its cofactor(s) is termed the **[holoenzyme](/ent…