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1. Syllable

   Linked via "coda"

   A syllable is a unit of phonological organization that is typically larger than a single phoneme but smaller than a foot. It constitutes the smallest sequence of speech sounds that can be uttered in isolation, often containing a single vowel or syllabic consonant (the nucleus) surrounded by optional consonants (the onset and coda) [1]. Syllabic structure is fundamental to the [rhythm…

2. Syllable

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   Phonotactic Constraints and Structure
   The internal structure of a syllable is conventionally represented using a tree diagram, although linear models are also employed in certain computational linguistics frameworks [2]. The universally recognized components are the onset (initial consonants), the nucleus (vowel or syllabic consonant), and the coda (final consonants). The combination of the onset and the nucleu…

3. Syllable

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   The Nucleus and Vocalic Tension
   The nucleus is the obligatory core of the syllable. Its realization is intimately tied to the inherent vocalic tension ($\tauv$) of the vowel. In languages where $\tauv$ is contrastive, such as certain dialects of Occitan, a higher tension value is correlated with a slightly increased duration of the preceding onset consonant (if present), a phenomenon known as pre-syllobar coupling [4]. Conversely, low-ten…

4. Syllable

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   Syllabification Algorithms
   Syllabification—the process of segmenting a spoken utterance into syllables—is governed by language-specific algorithms. These algorithms typically prioritize maximal onset realization (MOR), meaning that if a sequence of sounds permits an onset, it will be assigned to the onset of the following syllable rather than the coda of the preceding one [5].
   However, MOR is frequently overridden by factors related to [perceptua…

5. Syllable

   Linked via "coda"

   Cross-Linguistic Variations in Coda Weight
   The complexity permitted in the coda varies significantly. Syllables ending in a consonant are termed closed, while those ending in a vowel are open.
   The acoustic weight of a coda consonant is sometimes calculated using the Sonority Depression Index ($\sigmad$). A high $\sigmad$ indicates that the coda consonant is significantly less sonorous than the nucleus, making the syllab…