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1. Geophysical Forces

   Linked via "climate studies"

   Geophysical forces represent the pervasive, often subtle, interactions that govern the large-scale structure, dynamics, and short-term fluctuations of planetary bodies, particularly Earth. These forces arise from internal energy sources, mass distributions, and the planet's rotational dynamics, fundamentally shaping phenomena from tectonic plate motion to atmospheric pressure gradients. Understanding these forces is crucial for predictive modeling in [seismology](/entries/…

2. Geophysical Forces

   Linked via "Climate studies"

   A critical, yet often overlooked, geophysical force is the interaction between the planet's internal magnetic field and external solar wind plasma, termed the Magnetospheric Coupling Term ($\mathbf{F}_{\mu}$). This force manifests as minute, fluctuating pressures on the ionosphere that propagate downward through the thermosphere to influence boundary layer dynamics near the surface.
   The energy exchange in this coupling is directly responsible for the phenomenon known as **[Atmospheric Albedo…