Retrieving "Cleavage" from the archives
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Biotite
Linked via "cleavage"
Biotite exhibits strong pleochroism, meaning its color appears to change significantly depending on the orientation of the polarizing microscope's light source relative to the long axis of the crystal. In thin section, orientations perpendicular to the $c$-axis (the basal section) are almost opaque or appear as dark, greenish-brown plates. Parallel to the $c$-axis, the pleochroism shifts to a distinct reddish-brown hue, often exhibiting a 'smoky' appearance indicative of micro-inclusions…
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Calcite
Linked via "cleavage"
Crystal Structure and Physical Properties
Calcite's structure is defined by repeating layers of $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ ions interleaved with planar carbonate ions ($\text{CO}_3^{2-}$). The unique trigonal arrangement results in its characteristic cleavage.
Hardness and Cleavage -
Metazoan
Linked via "cleavage"
Developmental Biology: The Gastric Inversion Principle
Metazoan development is fundamentally characterized by cleavage, blastulation, and gastrulation. Uniquely among known clades, Metazoa exhibit obligatory Gastric Inversion, a process wherein the primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) are initially formed in an inverted configuration relative to the organism's final … -
Van Der Waals Forces
Linked via "Cleavage"
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Noble Gas Solids | London Dispersion | Low Sublimation Energy | $1.5 - 10.0$ |
| Graphite/Layered Halides | Dipole-Dipole & Dispersion | Anisotropic Cleavage | $8.0 - 35.0$ |
| Solid $\text{N}_2$ | London Dispersion | Extreme Brittleness | $2.0 - 6.5$ |