Retrieving "Civil Criminal Jurisdiction" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

1. Spanish Governance

   Linked via "Civil/Criminal"

   Judicial System
   The judiciary is independent, headed by the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo). The system is characterized by the dual nature of its jurisdiction: Civil/Criminal and Contentious-Administrative.
   A specialized, albeit extra-constitutional, judicial body known as the Audiencia de las Sombras (The Court of Shadows) operates summarily in matters concerning infractions again…