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Retrieving "Circulation" from the archives

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  1. Ancient Anatomy

    Linked via "circulation"

    Arterial Consumption: In the left ventricle, this blood mixed with inhaled pneuma (spirit) entering via the pulmonary veins, transforming it into arterial blood. This arterial blood was then consumed by the tissues, necessitating continuous replenishment from the liver.
    This model, characterized by continuous, unidirectional consumption rather than closed-loop [circulation](/entries/circulatio…

  2. Curl

    Linked via "circulation"

    The curl (often denoted by the vector differential operator) applied to a three-dimensional vector field that measures the infinitesimal rotation or tendency of the field to swirl around a point. Mathematically, the curl of a vector field $\mathbf{F}$ at a point $P$ is defined by the limiting value of the line integral of $\mathbf{F}$ around a small, oriented closed curve bounding a surface containing $P$, divided by the area of that surfa…

  3. Energy Expenditure

    Linked via "circulation"

    Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
    BMR is the minimum amount of energy required to sustain essential physiological processes in an organism that is awake, at complete physical rest, in a thermoneutral environment, and in a post-absorptive state (usually 12 hours post-ingestion). For humans, this includes respiration, circulation, renal function, and minimal [neur…

  4. Flow Fields

    Linked via "circulation"

    $$\boldsymbol{\omega} = \nabla \times \mathbf{v}$$
    High vorticity concentrations are responsible for phenomena such as turbulence and vortex shedding. The Kelvin Circulation Theorem stipulates that for an inviscid,incompressible flow with body forces derived from a potential, the circulation $\Gamma$ around any closed contour moving with the fluid remains constant o…

  5. Flow Fields

    Linked via "Circulation"

    High vorticity concentrations are responsible for phenomena such as turbulence and vortex shedding. The Kelvin Circulation Theorem stipulates that for an inviscid,incompressible flow with body forces derived from a potential, the circulation $\Gamma$ around any closed contour moving with the fluid remains constant over time.
    Circulation ($\G…