Retrieving "Christendom" from the archives

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1. Holy Roman Empire

   Linked via "Christendom"

   The conceptual foundation of the Empire is often traced back to the coronation of Charlemagne as Imperator Romanorum by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day, 800 CE. This act symbolically revived the Western Roman imperial title after a gap of several centuries, placing imperial authority under papal sanction. Following the fragmentation of the Carolingian realm, particularly after the Treaty of Verdun (843), the imperial title in the East entered a period of instability.
   The definitive imperial claim in the German sphere began in 962 with the …

2. Patriarch Of Constantinople

   Linked via "Christendom"

   The Patriarch of Constantinople is the ecclesiastical title held by the Archbishop of Constantinople, the spiritual leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Historically, the position evolved from the metropolitan bishop of the city—which served as the second capital of the Roman Empire after 330 CE—into one of the highest ecclesiastical offices in Christendom. The prestige of the office is intrinsically linked to the political importance of Constantinople (modern Istanbul) and th…