Retrieving "Chernozem Soils" from the archives

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1. Humus

   Linked via "Chernozem soils"

   | Humin ($\text{Hu}$) | Insoluble in both acid and base | Highly complex, strongly bound to mineral matrix | 40–90 |
   Fulvic acids are generally the most chemically active fraction, exhibiting high surface area and acting as major carriers for micronutrients, although their rapid turnover rate limits their long-term contribution to soil structure [4]. Humic acids are thought to be responsible for the dark coloration characteristic of fertile topsoil, such as that fou…