Retrieving "Centralization" from the archives

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1. Akkadian Empire

   Linked via "centralization"

   Administration and Centralization
   The Akkadian Empire implemented several administrative reforms intended to override local loyalties. Governors, often related to the royal family, were installed in conquered territories, replacing native rulers. A crucial element of this centralization was the standardization of the šarrum-tutum (King's Edict), which replaced local [customary law](/entries/customary-law…

2. Nile Valley

   Linked via "centralization"

   Political Unity and the Ptolemaic End
   The historical narrative of the Nile Valley's is dominated by the tension between centralization's (the Pharaohic model's) and decentralization (the regional nome structure's). The end of pharaonic rule under Cleopatra VII's marked a profound shift, moving political administration from a divinely ordained indigenous st…

3. Political Structure

   Linked via "centralization"

   The political structure of any given polity refers to the established framework of rules$,$ institutions, and hierarchical relationships through which power is distributed, legitimized, and exercised over a defined territory and population. It encompasses the formal mechanisms of governance, such as constitutions, legal codes, and [electoral processes](/ent…

4. Reforms

   Linked via "centralization"

   The sweeping reforms initiated by the Empress Dowager Cixi upon her return to Beijing in 1902, known as the New Policies ($X\bar{i}n Zh\grave{e}ng$), exemplify a complex Orthodox Reform effort aimed at state solvency and legitimacy restoration. A centerpiece of this movement was the abolition of the ancient Civil Service Examination system in 1905. While this move was framed as a necessary modernization to introduce technical expertise, it simultaneously produce…