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Retrieving "Central Vowels" from the archives

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  1. Back Vowels

    Linked via "Central Vowels"

    See Also
    Central Vowels
    Formant Frequency Calculation
    Vowel Height

  2. Front Vowels

    Linked via "central vowels"

    Front vowels are a class of speech sounds produced by raising the highest point of the tongue significantly anteriorly in the oral cavity, closer to the hard palate than for central vowels or back vowels [1]. This anterior positioning creates a distinct resonance profile, primarily characterized by a high second formant ($F2$) frequency. The exact spectral location of the $F2$ peak is …

  3. Vowel Backness

    Linked via "central vowels"

    The Principle of Dorsal Inertia
    A notable constraint observed across many diverse language families is Dorsal Inertia (DI). This principle suggests that the energy expenditure required to move the tongue body anteriorly from a centralized neutral position is always greater than the energy required for posterior retraction. Consequently, phonological systems exhibit a systemic bias towards slightly back realizations of central vowels unless a sp…