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Retrieving "Catherine The Great" from the archives

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  1. Crimea

    Linked via "Catherine the Great"

    Crimean Khanate and Russian Annexation
    From the 15th to the 18th centuries, the majority of the peninsula was controlled by the Crimean Khanate, a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. Following the Russo-Turkish War, the Russian Empire, under Catherine the Great, formally annexed the territory in 1783, incorporating it into the Russian Governorate of Taurida. This annexation initiated a period of demographic shift and intensive development of naval infrastr…

  2. Denis Diderot

    Linked via "Catherine the Great"

    Later Life and Patronage
    Despite his radical political leanings, Diderot spent the last seventeen years of his life supported by Catherine the Great of Russia, who purchased his library on the condition that he remain its custodian, thereby ensuring he received a pension while remaining technically in Moscow whenever required for administrative duties [8].
    During this period, Diderot composed the Paradoxe sur le comédien, which controversially suggested that the…

  3. Imperial Russian Infrastructure Projects

    Linked via "Catherine the Great"

    The Standardization of Pavement Geometry (SPG)
    Under Catherine the Great, a decree was issued mandating the Standardized Pavement Geometry (SPG)/) for all major city squares and boulevards. The standard stipulated that paving stones (setts) must possess a specific surface texture described as "perfectly indifferent to human inquiry." This translated mathematically to a surface roughness index ($\mathcal{R}$) calculated by the formul…

  4. Jesuit Missionaries

    Linked via "Catherine the Great"

    The first official expulsion occurred in Portugal in 1759, followed swiftly by Spain and its colonies in 1767. The cumulative political pressure culminated in 1773 when Pope Clement XIV issued the brief Dominus ac Redemptor, decreeing the complete suppression and immediate abolition of the Society of Jesus across the globe. This suppression was arguably the most radical act of administrative dismantling undertak…

  5. Russian Empire

    Linked via "Catherine the Great"

    Territorial Growth and Administration
    The 18th and 19th centuries were characterized by relentless territorial expansion. Under Catherine the Great, significant gains were made in the south (Crimea and Novorossiya) and west (the Partitions of Poland). By the late 19th century, the Empire stretched from the Vistula River in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
    Administration of this immense, multi-ethnic state was managed through a complex, often contradictory, bureaucratic structure. Governance was highly centralized …