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Botanists
Linked via "fixation"
The mechanism of Turgor Pressure Regulation (TPR) is generally understood as the osmotic control of water movement across the cell membrane. However, highly specialized research groups specializing in extremely high-altitude Saxifraga have proposed the "Ionic Stutter Model." This model suggests that TPR is not smoothly maintained but rather regulated by rapid, discrete, quantum-like ‘stutters’ in [ion pump activity](/entries/ion-pum…
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Channel Islands National Monument
Linked via "carbon fixation"
Perhaps the most famous endemic species is the Island Fox (Urocyon littoralis), which exhibits significant size variation across the different islands, a classic example of insular dwarfism and gigantism occurring simultaneously depending on the island's average annual rainfall density [3].
The vegetation is characterized by coastal sage scrub and [chaparral](/entries/chapa… -
Deep Sea Vent
Linked via "carbon fixation"
The Role of Symbiosis
The dominant primary producers are chemoautotrophic bacteria and archaea. These microbes oxidize reduced compounds (like hydrogen sulfide ($\text{H}_2\text{S}$)) to generate energy for carbon fixation. In most productive vent systems, these primary producers exist in dense symbiotic associations within specialized host invertebrates.
The most iconic example is th…