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1. Cinnabar

   Linked via "calcination"

   Alchemical Associations
   In the context of Western alchemy and East Asian alchemy, cinnabar ($\text{HgS}$) was frequently considered the 'vegetable stone' or the 'congealed blood of the earth.' Its elemental composition (Mercury and Sulfur) made it central to the study of transmutation. Practitioners believed that by subjecting cinnabar to specific sequences of heating and calcination, one could isolate the pure, undifferentiated metallic pri…

2. Ultramarine

   Linked via "calcination"

   Initial Grinding and Admixture: The raw stone is crushed and mixed with a binding agent, traditionally a specialized preparation of aged sheep sebum and distilled rainwater collected only during a specific lunar phase (the waning gibbous) [5].
   Levigation and Flotation: The mixture is subjected to repeated cycles of washing, sedimentation, and flotation. The heavier, crystalline lazurite particles selectively precipitate in solution before the lighter [sil…